In this research, effect of milling time on crucial physical structures of commercial TiO2 powders in form of anatase phase is investigated. The as-received commercial TiO2 powders were ball-milled with ethanol solvent at room temperature at various operating time ranging from 6-24 hrs. Particle sizes and surface areas of milled powders were characterized by particle analyzer and Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) method.TiO2 surface morphologies of the powders milled at various times were monitored by scanning electron microscope. The photocatalytic activities of the milled powders were conducted by mean of the photo-induced degradation against RhB aqueous solution. The results reveal that particle size of the commercial TiO2 powders can be effectively minimized to few hundred nanometer range depending on milling time. The drastic reduction in their size results to the increasing active surface area of the particles and the enhanced photo-induced activity that was supported by the photodegradation performance. This enhancement can suggest them to the suitability in optical energy harvesting optoelectronic applications including photovoltaic devices, optical based sensors and related environmental-friendly usage.
A generation of optical capsules and tweezers array within a modified optical add-drop filter known as PANDA ring resonator with a new concept is proposed. By using dark and bright solitons, the orthogonal tweezers can be formed within the system and observed simultaneously at the output ports. Under the resonant condition, the optical capsules and tweezers generated by dark and bright soliton orthogonal pair where the dark-bright soliton array with different center wavelengths and propagation in to the modified add/drop filter that can be generated the optical capsule. In principle, the molecule/atom is trapped and capsule by the force generated by reverse different combinations of gradient fields and photons interaction within the PANDA ring. In application, the molecules/atoms can be secured by using the dark-bright soliton reverse different combinations (optical capsule). Whereas the dark-bright soliton can be capsule as the molecule/atom, which can be used to molecule/atom transportation increased. Simulation result obtained has shown that the amplified power 12 W of the dark-bright soliton array capsule and with wavelength center around 1.40 - 1.50 μm at drop port and throughput port can be achieved, respectively.
The formation of In0.53Ga0.47As/InP single quantum well with narrow well width grown by Organometallic Vapor Phase
Epitaxy is verified by photoluminescence spectroscopy. PL spectra exhibit the e(1)-hh(1) transition in the well. PL
measurement was conducted at various temperatures from 15K to 200K in order to investigate the important
temperature-dependent parameters of this structure. Important parameters such as activation energies responsible for the
photoluminescence quenching and broadening mechanisms are achieved. Because of small thermal activation energy of
15.1 meV in the narrow well, carriers can escape from the well to the barrier states. The dependence of PL width on
temperature revealed that Inhomogeneous mechanism is the dominant mechanism for the broadening of PL peak and
homogeneous mechanism is responsible at high temperature due to electron-phonon interaction.
The ground state transition energy as various temperatures of a single quantum well structure has been calculated. The numerical technique called shooting method was developed to get eigen values and eigen functions. Passler's model and Aspnes's equation are adopted to calculate the energy gap (Eg) of Al0.3Ga0.7As and GaAs respectively. Our calculation has been tested by comparing the results to PL experimental data of Al0.3Ga0.7As / GaAs single quantum well. Good agreement has been found in the low temperature range (less than 40 K) and fair result has been obtained in the range of temperature higher than 40 K.
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