KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Forward error correction, Modulation, Interference (communication), Digital signal processing, Optical networks, Signal processing, Optical fibers, Optical communications
Optical fiber channels present flat channel response per wavelength in general, owing to the ultra-wide available bandwidth of optical fiber and optical amplifiers. However, the recent transport capacity upgrade per wavelength from 10 to >100 Gbaud has given rise to severe power fading at the high frequency range. Especially, the modern optical networks may rely on a massive number of reconfigurable optical add and drop multiplexers (ROADM) to enhance the network flexibility with low latency. These cascaded ROADMs bring about a well-known filter-narrowing effect that has become a severe issue in the deployed networks. This strongly limits the channel bandwidth, and leads to an optical channel with colored signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To address this issue, we utilize the water-filling, an optimum power allocation that determines the capacity of colored-SNR Gaussian channels, and proposes multicarrier entropy loading to offer a theoretically optimum strategy to approach the Shannon capacity. Within each subcarrier, probabilistic constellation shaping is exploited to design Gaussian sources. Compared with the conventional uniform-entropy modulation, entropy loading possesses fundamental advantages on channel coding: it maximizes the channel mutual information under fixed channel coding rate when the system operates below the channel capacity, and approaches the capacity with less coding overhead. Entropy loading can be generalized to any applications under colored-SNR Gaussian channels beyond the optical communication.
KEYWORDS: Optical communications, Modulation, Digital signal processing, Polarization, Receivers, Signal detection, Channel projecting optics, Palladium, Single sideband modulation, Internet
To cope with the exponential growth of the Internet traffic, optical communications has advanced by leaps and bounds. For several decades, Intensity modulation with direct detection (IM-DD) dominates the commercial short-reach optical communications. However, when upgrading the data-rate distance product to 1000 Gb/s·km per wavelength and beyond, IM-DD faces severe performance barrier. Aiming to improve the electrical SE and extend the transmission distance, advanced DD modulation formats have been proposed through a so-called self-coherent (SCOH) approach, where a carrier is transmitted together with the signal to achieve a linear mapping between the electrical baseband signal and the optical field. In that way, the impact of the CD can be removed from the received signal, greatly extending the transmission distance of the DD system. Particularly, Stokes-vector direct detection (SV-DD) has been proposed to realize linear complex optical channels as well as enhance the electrical spectral efficiency and transmission reach. In this talk, we present the principle and discuss the performance of SV-DD systems.
KEYWORDS: Optical fibers, Polarization, Single mode fibers, Multiplexing, Signal to noise ratio, Telecommunications, Signal processing, Optical communications, Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, Transmittance
We design a high-performance LP11 spatial mode combiner using elliptical-core two-mode fibers. Two input LP01 modes are selectively coupled into two LP11 modes with a coupling-efficiency of 65~96% within a broad wavelength-range of
1505-1600 nm.
We demonstrate transmission of 1.0-Tb/s unique-word DFT-spread OFDM signal over 8000-km SSMF with 80-km span
length and EDFA-only amplification, representing a record spectral efficiency and reach product compatible with most
of the deployed links.
We show the application of closed-form expressions for nonlinear transmission performance of coherent optical OFDM
systems with frequency guard band. The dependences of their performances on system parameters are investigated and
new findings on the influence of dispersion compensation configuration and guard band are observed. The advantage of
using closed-form expressions is that the performance for various system configurations can be identified without
resorting to sophisticated numerical simulations.
We provide a closed-form expression for differential phase error variance in coherent systems. Based on
the closed-form expression, a novel method of laser linewidth characterization and monitoring is
verified by both simulation and experiments.
In this paper, we first provide analysis and discussion on the optimal symbol rate for long-haul
transmission. In particular, the optimal subband bandwidth in a multi-band DFT-Spread OFDM
(MB-DFT-S OFDM) system is studied. We then carry out numerical simulation of 107 Gb/s MB-DFT-S
OFDM systems and find the optimal subband bandwidth is 3.5 GHz for dispersion un-compensated
systems. We finally show experimental demonstration of the nonlinearity improvement of
DFT-S-OFDM over conventional OFDM systems.
A compensation scheme for transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) I/Q imbalance with the interference of carrier frequency
offset for CO-OFDM transmission is demonstrated. It has low over-head using only two specific designed symbols for
Rx side I/Q imbalance and two for that of Tx side, respectively. Rx compensation is performed in time domain after
OFDM frame synchronization and the Tx I/Q imbalance is compensated in frequency domain after channel and phase
estimation. The bit error rate (BER) and Q improvement are evaluated experimentally to demonstrate the effectiveness of
compensation algorithms. This scheme performs better with the increase of OSNR.
We show 1-Tb/s single-channel CO-OFDM transmission consisting of continuous 4,104 spectrally-overlapped
subcarriers generated using a novel device of recirculating frequency shifter (RFS). The 1-Tb/s CO-OFDM signal with a
spectral efficiency of 3.3 bit/s/Hz is successfully received after transmission over 600-km SSMF fiber without either
Raman amplification or dispersion compensation.
KEYWORDS: Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, Polarization, Receivers, Transmitters, Systems modeling, Jones vectors, Picosecond phenomena, Signal processing, Dispersion, Modulators
Although polarization-mode-dispersion (PMD) greatly impairs conventional high-speed single-carrier systems, it is
shown that for multi-carrier systems such as coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (CO-OFDM)
systems, not only does PMD not cause any impairment, but it also provides a benefit of polarization diversity against
polarization-dependent-loss (PDL) induced fading and consequently improves the system marginBegin the abstract two
lines below author names and addresses. In this paper, we present the model for the optical fiber communication
channel in the presence of the polarization effects. It shows that the optical fiber channel model can be treated as a
special kind of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) model, namely, a two-input two-output (TITO) model which is
intrinsically represented by a two-element Jones vector familiar to the optical communications community. The detailed
discussions on variations of such coherent optical MIMO-OFDM (CO-MIMO-OFDM) models are presented.
Furthermore, we show the first experiment of polarization-diversity detection in CO-OFDM systems. In particular, a
CO-OFDM signal at 10.7 Gb/s is successfully recovered after 900 ps differential-group-delay (DGD) and 1000-km
transmission through SSMF fiber without optical dispersion compensation. The transmission experiment with higher-order
PMD further confirms the resilience of the CO-OFDM signal to PMD in the transmission fiber.
We demonstrate near-error-free output-port contention resolution in a WDM switching node based on all-optical wavelength shifting. Contention between incoming 1-Gbit/s data packets is resolved in real-time by comparing subcarrier-multiplexed control headers on 2 input ports and then all-optically wavelength-shifting one input signal to a free wavelength if contention occurs. Additionally, the 50 Mbit/s subcarrier header itself is replaced and updated with new routing information.
We analyze the system performance of gain-saturated SOA-based all-optical wavelength shifting with respect to its dynamic characteristics. When considering the risetime, contrast ratio and intersymbol interference, we find that there exists an optimal probe power and wavelength for high-speed wavelength shifting which reduces the power penalty by 3 dB. The minimum power penalties for the data rates of 10 Gb/s and 20 Gb/s are 2.5 dB and 5 dB, respectively.
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