We propose a novel micro surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor system based on polymer materials. The
proposed SPR system consists of the incident medium with polymer waveguide and the gold thin film for sensing area.
Using a polymer optical waveguide instead of a prism in SPR sensing system offers miniaturization, low cost, and
potable sensing capability. The whole device performance was analyzed using the finite-difference time domain method.
The optimum gold thickness in the attenuated total reflection mirror of polymer waveguide is around 50 nm and the
resonance angle to generate surface plasmon wave is 66 degrees.
We have experimentally demonstrated the transmission performance of a feedforward optical transmitter using an
external light injection technique. The feedforward compensation method shows 31 dB intermodulation distortion
suppression and 2.2 dB noise reduction. A high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) exceeding 35 dB of the
wavelength-locked FP-LD was obtained over 12 nm ranges. The suppression characteristics of the intermodulation
distortion for wavelength differences and various transmission lengths were measured and analyzed as the evaluation
criteria for the transmission performance in WDM/SCM based radio-over-fiber systems.
Portable bio-optical systems have required not only small size but also high sensitive and precise detection technique.
To achieve high sensitivity, portable bio-optical systems should be set up to minimize the effects of noises such as
Johnson noise, 1/f noise, shot noise etc. In order to reduce the influence from these noises, we have applied a novel lock-in
detection technique. The lock-in detection technique is able to effectively suppress these noises as choosing a
frequency high enough to avoid 1/f noise and low enough to avoid parasitic noises occurred on high frequency. We use
lock-in detection technique with a simple structure - several op-amplifiers and MOSFETs. Using the lock-in scheme, we
recovered signals in the presence of overwhelming background noises without applying multistage amplifiers and filters.
This technique provides high resolution measurements of relatively clean signals over several orders of magnitude and
frequency by compared with conventional detection method. We have demonstrated portable bio-optical system using
infrared LED and PD with our hybrid type lock-in detection module.
The lasing characteristics of three-guide coupled ring lasers using the self-aligned total internal reflection
(TIR) mirrors were investigated numerically and experimentally. The rectangular laser cavity consists of four low loss
TIR mirrors and an output coupler made out of passive three coupled waveguides. Two different lasers having active
section lengths of 250 and 350 μm and total cavity lengths of 580 and 780 μm are fabricated. For both devices lasing
thresholds of 38 mA is obtained at room temperature and under CW operation. Lasing is predominantly single mode
with the side mode suppression ratio better than 20 dB.
We designed and fabricated traveling-wave photodetector with enhanced bandwidth. Because the saturation velocity of
hole is smaller than that of electron, bandwidth limitation in conventional symmetric TWPD results from the difference
in electron and hole transit times. For solving this problem, we designed a new structure with asymmetric intrinsic region
to equalize the carrier transit times. The intrinsic region on the epitaxial layer consists of InGaAs core and 1.3Q InGaAsP
cladding regions. In the whole i-layer thickness with 1 &mgr;m, the core region is 0.2 &mgr;m thick and the thickness of cladding
region is asymmetrically made up. As the thickness of upper cladding region to p-side is decreased, the transit lengths of
electron and hole are matched and the bandwidth of TWPD is enhanced. By fabricating TWPD's from three kinds of
epitaxial wafers, we prove the enhanced bandwidth of TWPD with asymmetric intrinsic region.
We developed a CMOS-based trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) circuits for analog optical
communication systems. Our TIA structure is based on common-source configuration and a novel functional
active load (FAL). Proposed FAL structure is composed the two PMOSs that have the symmetric structure. In
those schemes, transfer curve of TIA can be tuned by the gate voltage of FAL in the way to improve linearity.
In analog optical transceiver, TIA employing the FAL can suppress the nonlinearity originated from various
sources. Because the nonlinearity deteriorate analog communication systems, enhancement of linearity is
crucial to improve the analog transceiver performances. In this work, we have designed the TIA with FAL in a
0.18 &mgr;m CMOS technology. The linearity of TIA is controlled by the variation of transfer curve with the
change of the FAL bias voltage. As of the simulation results, the IIP3 level of the TIA employing FAL is
enhanced by about 3.393 dB with the Vg variation in FAL.
We investigate the properties of a multimode-interference (MMI) coupled micro ring cavity resonator with
total-internal-reflection (TIR) mirrors and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The TIR mirrors were fabricated
by the self-aligned process with a loss of 0.7 dB per mirror. The length and width of an MMI are 142 &mgr;m and 10 &mgr;m,
respectively. The resulting free spectral range (FSR) of the resonator was approximately 1.698 nm near 1571 nm and
the extinction ratio was about 17 dB. These devices might be useful as optical switching and add-drop filters in a
photonic integrated circuit or as small and fast resonator devices.
KEYWORDS: Resonators, Signal to noise ratio, Refractive index, Waveguides, Optical microcavities, Sensors, Biosensors, Signal detection, Data acquisition, LCDs
We have demonstrated a novel bio-signal processing technique with hybrid bio-systems using an optical microcavity
ring resonator. The intensity of the transmitted light through the ring resonator has a periodic and sensitive region
depending on the wavelength of the incident light into the ring resonator. It is possible to detect biomolecules with the
ring resonator, because the resonance profile is shifted by refractive index changes due to an amount of biomolecules on
the surface of sensing areas. Our processing technique is based on using dual-wavelength. In this scheme, high accuracy
can be achieved by comparing the intensity of two incident lights which has channel spacing of the half period of the
sensitive region. More detailed experimental results on a novel bio-signal processing technique will be presented.
Latching optical switches and optical logic gates with AND or OR, plus the INVERT functionality are demonstrated for
the first time by the monolithic integration of a single and differential typed vertical cavity lasers with depleted optical
thyristor (VCL-DOT) structure with a low threshold current of 0.65 mA, a high on/off contrast ratio of more than 50 dB,
a high slope efficiency of 0.38 mW/mA, and high sensitivity to input optical light. By simply changing a reference
switching voltage, this single-typed device operates as two logic functions, optical logic AND and OR. The differential-typed
VCL-DOTs operate also as all logic gates, AND/NAND, OR/NOR, and INVERT function by simple change of a
reference input light power. The thyristor laser fabricated by using the oxidation process shows a high optical output
power efficiency and a high sensitivity to the optical input light.
We present the first demonstration of the vertical-injection depleted optical thyristor-laser diode (VIDOT-LD) with InGaAs/InGaAsP multiple quantum well structure. The VIDOT-LD using the vertical-injection structure shows very good isolation between input and output signal. For the faster switching speed and the lower power consumption, we optimized the structure of a fully depleted optical thyristor (DOT) by the depletion of charge at the lower negative voltage. The measured switching voltage and current are 3.36 V and 10 μA respectively. The holding voltage and current are respectively 1.37 V and 100 μA. The lasing threshold current is 131 mA at 25°C. The output peak wavelength is 1570 nm at a bias current of 1.22 Ith and there is no input signal.
For the faster switching speed and the lower power consumption, we optimized the structure of a fully depleted optical thyristor (DOT) by the depletion of charge at the lower negative voltage. The fabricated optical thyristor shows sufficient nonlinear s-shape I-V characteristics with the switching voltage of 2.85 V and the complete depletion voltage of -8.73 V. In this paper, using a finite difference method (FDM), we calculate the effects of parameters such as doping concentration and thickness of each layer to determine the optimized structure in the view of the fast and low-power-consuming operation.
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