For an advanced three-dimensional (3D) light field display, the 3D image information with correct spatial occlusion relation should be provided in a large viewing angle range. However, the optical distortion and the structural error are two key factors of the deterioration in image quality, which cause the serious deformation of 3D images, especially in large viewing angle. Here, the light path of spatial voxel is analyzed. The mathematical relationship between optical system parameters and spatial voxel positions is achieved. The aberration theory is used to analyze the optical distortion of single lenses. Due to the influence of optical distortion, the angle of the emitted light deviates from the ideal direction, which leads to the deviation of spatial voxel positions. The compound lens with aperture-stop is designed to suppress the optical distortion. The optical performance of optimized compound lens is evaluated. In order to further suppress the residual optical distortion and the structural error, a pre-correction method with the detection of optical path error is proposed. The correspondence between the pixel of display source and the spatial voxel is obtained. Based on the designed compound lens and pre-correction encoded image, a 3D light field display system is constructed. Experimental results demonstrates that the proposed method suppresses the optical distortion and the structural error. An undeformed 3D image with the viewing angle above 100 degrees can be achieved, which can find potential applications in biomedical imaging and visualization to enhance medical analysis and diagnosis.
KEYWORDS: 3D displays, Monochromatic aberrations, 3D image processing, Optimization (mathematics), Point spread functions, LCDs, Displays, Digital imaging, Fourier transforms, 3D vision
A large viewing angle 3D light-field display based on a single lens array with the optical-digital joint optimization algorithm is proposed. Aberrations generated by the single lens array are suppressed with the presented algorithm to increase the viewing angle. The proposed algorithm consists of aberration optional-correction module and digital image optimization module. Some aberrations selected by aberration analyses are suppressed to zero or minimums with the single lens unit optical structure in aberration optional-correction module, and residual aberrations are suppressed by pre-correcting based on Wiener filtering in digital image optimization module. Experimental results confirm that the optical-digital joint optimization algorithm can suppress aberrations effectively, and a 52-degree viewing angle 3D light-field display is realized.
Floating three-dimensional (3-D) display can provide a natural and realistic 3-D scene. Nowadays, because of stray light and aberration, most floating 3-D displays cannot realize a large viewing angle and high resolution simultaneously, and it directly deteriorates the viewing effect of the 3-D scene. A large viewing angle floating and high-resolution 3-D display based on multichannel and multivariable (MCMV) correction algorithm are presented. The optical system consists of a time-sequential autostereoscopic 3-D display with the directional backlight, a floating lens, and an eye tracker. The 3-D display with the directional backlight provides loss-free resolution for the system. To realize a large viewing angle floating 3-D display, MCMV correction algorithm based on eye tracking is proposed. The 3-D images can be reconstructed by the optical system within the viewing angle of 60 deg. The feasibility of the proposed display method is verified with the experimental results.
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