This study investigates the impact of wind screen structure on the observing environment of a telescope using the finite element method. A simplified geometric model comprising the telescope, fully open lightweight dome, and tower was established. The effects of wind screen structure under Antarctic wind loads were analyzed, followed by wind tunnel tests and data comparison. Results indicate that longitudinal rod arrangement is more effective than horizontal for wind reduction. Rod length and width do not significantly affect wind reduction, but turbulence kinetic energy correlates positively with rod length. Longitudinal rods with 50% transmittance satisfy wind speed and turbulence reduction requirements, although dome seeing reaches maximum. Higher transmittance increases wind pressure on the telescope surface. Ideal wind screen structure includes longitudinal rods, 25%50% transmittance, and shorter length with greater height.
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