We designed a novel compact micro-ring electric field sensor based on the thin-film lithium niobite on insulator (LNOI) platform. By leveraging the method of inverse design based on topology-optimized algorithm, a remarkable micro-ring detector with a bending radius of 6 μm has been achieved, resulting in an order of magnitude reduction in loss compared to conventional bends. The designed detector achieves an ultra-compact footprint of 13.22 μm × 22 μm with a relatively flat frequency response across the 50 Hz - 1.95 GHz. At the wavelength of 1550.75 nm, the detector achieves an impressive maximum detectable electric field of 4×10^7 V/m, with a minimum detectable electric field value of 4 kV/m when the maintaining a linear dynamic range of 80 dB for the system. The compact size and electrode-free design of the proposed sensor enable seamless integration into chips and wearable devices, catering to the growing demands of high-field strength electric field measurements in smart power equipment and grid operations. Furthermore, this work represents a pioneering effort in developing a micro-ring electric field sensor using inverse design methodology and opens up new method for advanced sensing applications, paving the way for extensive utilization in future modern photonic integrated circuits.
Fiber-optic transmission of broadband wireless communication signals based on source and transmission integration is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this scheme, a radio-over-fiber (RoF) link is employed to transmit the broadband wireless communication signal. Using the long optical fiber in the RoF link, a dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) localized in the centralized unit (CU) can be established to up-convert the broadband wireless communication signal to a higher frequency. In such a case, the transmitted wireless communication signal can be directly emitted by the antenna, further streamlining the remote active antenna unit (AAU) structure. The proposed wireless communication system based on source and transmission integration is experimentally investigated. In the experiment, a 256-QAM signal centered at 1 GHz is transmitted by the high-power RoF link involving a spool of single-mode fiber (SMF) with a length of 1 km and then successfully up-converted to 11 GHz. In addition, the measured error vector magnitudes (EVMs) of the wireless communication signals with bandwidths of 26 MHz, 65 MHz, and 130 MHz are held below 3.5%, which satisfies the requirement of TS38.101.
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