KEYWORDS: Satellites, Optical communications, Laser communications, Monte Carlo methods, Target acquisition, Satellite communications, Analytical research, Probability theory
Beaconless spatial acquisition contribute a lot to designing a more integrated and smaller laser communication terminal for optical inter-satellite communication. In this paper, we present an analytical model of beaconless spatial acquisition on the influence of vibration. Two kinds of scan methods are analyzed, which are single scan and multi-scan. The analytical expressions of the acquisition probability of single scan and the mean acquisition time of multi-scan are derived. Numerical simulation and Monte Carlo experiment are adopted. The simulation results show that the acquisition probability of single scan asymptotically approaches a constant value with the increase of vibration levels and becomes higher if the beam divergence is increased, but the scan beam gain decrease at the same time. So, the overall acquisition link margin should be sufficient when increasing the beam divergence. What’s more, the accurate location of the target satellite has a great influence on the acquisition probability. When it comes to the multi-scan mode, the shortest mean acquisition time is got at the vibration level of 40μrad. And, the increase of multi-scan times can overcome the influence of vibration efficiently. The conclusions above can give some guides to the design of beaconless spatial acquisition system.
We present the performance benefits of differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) modulation in eliminating influence from atmospheric turbulence, especially for coherent free space optical (FSO) communication with a high communication rate. Analytic expression of detected signal is derived, based on which, homodyne detection efficiency is calculated to indicate the performance of wavefront compensation. Considered laser pulses always suffer from atmospheric scattering effect by clouds, intersymbol interference (ISI) in high-speed FSO communication link is analyzed. Correspondingly, the channel equalization method of a binormalized modified constant modulus algorithm based on set-membership filtering (SM-BNMCMA) is proposed to solve the ISI problem. Finally, through the comparison with existing channel equalization methods, its performance benefits of both ISI elimination and convergence speed are verified. The research findings have theoretical significance in a high-speed FSO communication system.
Laser communication has become the main driving force for the development of modern wireless optical communication technology with the characteristics of large communication capacity, good concealment and good directivity. Acquisition, pointing and tracking system which is refer to as the APT system is the key technology to the laser communication, and the detection and processing technology is one of the key technologies of APT system. The effect of scintillation and laser spot drift caused by atmospheric turbulence seriously affects the laser spot positioning accuracy of laser communication APT system, which will affect the performance of laser communication system. It is very important to choose the appropriate spot pre-processing method and the best method to improve the positioning accuracy of laser communication system. An ideal spot image with known center coordinates was generated artificially and the MATLAB was used to simulate the atmospheric turbulence to make the laser spot close to the real atmosphere. Chosing median filtering and mean filtering method to the denoising pretreatment to get filtered image. Using iterative threshold method to obtain the binary image. Through 3 common spot positioning method like the gray centroid method, circle fitting method and the Gaussian fitting method to calculate the centroid of the binary image. After getting the central coordinates, the results were compared and analyzed. Experimental results showed that mean filtering is better than median filter to filter noise of the laser spot. Compared with other methods, the centroid accuracy obtained by the gray centroid method had larger deviation due to the process of filtering the noise was not completely suppressed. The laser spot center calculating by the Gaussian fitting method were with higher positioning accuracy. According to the calculation results, the applicable conditions of different spot location algorithms were given.
An analytical formula model which is used to describe laser beam’s depolarization characteristics is solved based on multiple Rayleigh scattering model. Firstly, by using Stokes vector to characterize intensity and polarization, while at the same time using Mueller matrix and rotation matrix to characterize polarization changing in scattering procedure, a single scattering model is built. Then, a multiple scattering model is built considering the effects of atmospheric absorbing and scattering attenuation. The received light’s Stokes vectors through multiple scattering procedure are separately solved. At last, on the basis of multiple scattering vectors, the depolarization characteristics of laser beam propagation through atmosphere are estimated though calculating ratio of depolarization and polarized angle shifting. The numerical analysis based on analytical conclusion of this paper shows that for a horizontal polarized laser beam, its ratio of depolarization is about 1% and polarized angle shifting is about 0.3。 when propagates through atmosphere and arrives into the receiver on the ground, and both the above characteristics have only a small change compared with the change of cloud’s depth. The findings of these research show that Rayleigh scattering from atmosphere has a weak effect on the laser beam’s polarization status. The multiple scattering model and Stokes vector analytical formulas raised in the paper could also be used to study the depolarization characteristics of ellipse polarized laser beam and partially polarized laser beam propagating through atmosphere. The research findings of this paper will have theoretical guiding significances in the domain of laser communication, laser detection and laser imaging.
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