With the growing interest in less-mode fibers in telecommunication and high-power lasers, fiber mode diagnostic techniques are gradually becoming one of the research hotspots in the field of lasers. In this paper, a four-channel off-axis holography is introduced to represent the polarization and the mode coefficients of LP modes in few-mode fiber simultaneously. A simulation study of Hi1060 fiber containing six linearly polarized modes at 632.8nm is carried out, and the results show that the errors of each mode coefficients is lower than 0.05, and the similarity of intensity before and after mode diagnostic is above 0.97.
In high-power fiber lasers, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a major factor limiting its power increase. In order to analyze the influence of the SRS effect on high-power fiber lasers, based on the traditional SRS model, we propose a theoretical model of multimode fiber lasers and fiber amplifiers containing the SRS effect. Then, the theoretical model is used to analyze the influence of various structural parameters of the fiber laser on the SRS effect. According to the simulation analysis results, we constructed a fiber laser system based on a master oscillator power amplifier configuration to carry out verification experiments for various structural parameters. The experimental results show that shortening the length of the gain fiber and the transmitting fiber, choosing a signal light of longer wavelength, and increasing the fiber core diameter can suppress the influence of the SRS effect on the fiber laser. And we apply the analysis results to 3 kW fiber laser system, and successfully achieve the suppression of SRS effect in the highpower fiber laser.
A method utilizing matrix analysis has been presented for a full-area three-flat test. With the aid of the Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse of a circulant matrix, a set of closed mathematical formulas has been derived to obtain the absolute profiles of samples. According to the simulation results, the matrix analysis method shows better performances for determining the absolute profiles and suppressing the decorrelation residuals of the reconstructed wavefronts, compared to the iterative method. Three optical flats with 135-mm apertures are measured. The results obtained with the new method agree well with those obtained with the iterative algorithm and the classical three-flat test. Furthermore, the relationship between the decorrelation residual and the wavefront error introduced in the rotation measurement has been studied. Theoretical and experimental results show that the odd-symmetric component contributes significantly to the decorrelation residual.
In a high-power laser system, thermally induced aberrations, which can influence the laser beam quality, are caused by thermal deformations of the optical elements when they are irradiated by the laser. We evaluate the mechanism responsible for the influence of thermally induced aberrations on the laser beam quality factor (M2) using the finite element method and angular spectrum theory. The thermally induced aberrations are decomposed into their constituent Zernike terms, showing that the influence of the thermally induced aberrations on M2 comprises a mixed contribution of different aberrations. The M2 of a fiber laser is simulated and measured when the laser transmits through organic glass. The simulation results have a good consistency with the experimental results, indicating that the method used in this study is effective when analyzing the influence of thermally induced aberrations on M2.
Subaperture stitching is often adopted when measuring large size optic with interferometry method. To reduce the error of defocus in the process of stitching, an improved subaperture stitching method which can eliminate the high-order defocus error is presented based on the experimental study of defocused wavefront. Through detecting the wavefront difference with variable defocus, the actual defocus wavefront is proposed to replace the traditional paraboloid defocus basement so as to realize eliminating high-order defocus. A reflector sample is tested, the roughness parameter Ra is 1.252nm and 0.403nm respectively using the paraboloid and the actual decocus wavefront as the basement. The amendatory defocus basis is taken into the subaperture stitching process, for the two subaperture wavefront, different area of the actual defocus wavefront is used. A SiC super-smooth surface is measured with the improved subaperture stitching method, the Ra is 0.236nm after eliminating high-order defocus. Results show that it is a useful way to erase high-order defocus error without changing the low frequency information of test wavefront.
A 4+1 phase shifting algorithm is proposed for rotating-compensator spectroscopic ellipsometry (RCSE). The spectroscopic ellipsometric parameters are determined with five spectra, taken when the compensator is rotated at the detection angles of 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, and an additional detection angle of 22.5°. There is no need to take the dark spectrum of the spectrometer for error correction using the new method, compared to Lee’s method [2] which also utilizes five spectra for RCSE. It also indicates the algorithm designed to suppress the second harmonic frequency component in traditional phase shifting algorithm is helpful to determine both fundamental and second harmonic frequency components. By taking an additional spectrum, both the two harmonic frequency components of spectra in RCSE are determined by the designed 4+1 phase shifting algorithm.
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