The propagation properties of a double-half inverse Gaussian hollow beam (DHIGHB) in oceanic turbulence are investigated. Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral, analytical formulae for the average intensity of a DHIGHB is derived in oceanic turbulence. The average intensity distribution and the spreading properties of a DHIGHB in oceanic turbulence are numerically demonstrated. The influences of the beam parameters and the structure constant of the oceanic turbulence on the propagation properties of a DHIGHB in oceanic turbulence are also discussed in detail. It is demonstrated that when the initial beam width and the turbulence strength are properly selected, a DHIGHB exhibits a multi-ring structure or a single-ring configuration during propagation in oceanic turbulence.
A double-half inverse Gaussian hollow beam with vortex (VDHIGHB) is introduced. As a generalization of the doublehalf inverse Gaussian hollow beam (DHIGHB), such novel beams can be easily realized in the laboratory using spiral phase plates or computer-generated holograms. Based on the Huygens-Fresnel integral and the complex Gaussian function expansion of hard aperture function, analytical formulae for the propagation of the VDHIGHBs through free space is derived theoretically. Their intensity distribution and phase distribution properties are numerically examined. It is found that such beams can exhibit the self-focusing properties with their energy being redistributed. Moreover, a comparative study between the VDHIGHB and DHIGHB demonstrates that the existence of the vortex can greatly affect the evolution behavior of the beams during the propagation in free space.
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