Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer worldwide. Early detection of lung cancer is a promising way to lower the risk of dying. Accurate pulmonary nodule detection in computed tomography (CT) images is crucial for early diagnosis of lung cancer. The development of computer-aided detection (CAD) system of pulmonary nodules contributes to making the CT analysis more accurate and with more efficiency. Recent studies from other groups have been focusing on lung cancer diagnosis CAD system by detecting medium to large nodules. However, to fully investigate the relevance between nodule features and cancer diagnosis, a CAD that is capable of detecting nodules with all sizes is needed. In this paper, we present a deep-learning based automatic all size pulmonary nodule detection system by cascading two artificial neural networks. We firstly use a U-net like 3D network to generate nodule candidates from CT images. Then, we use another 3D neural network to refine the locations of the nodule candidates generated from the previous subsystem. With the second sub-system, we bring the nodule candidates closer to the center of the ground truth nodule locations. We evaluate our system on a public CT dataset provided by the Lung Nodule Analysis (LUNA) 2016 grand challenge. The performance on the testing dataset shows that our system achieves 90% sensitivity with an average of 4 false positives per scan. This indicates that our system can be an aid for automatic nodule detection, which is beneficial for lung cancer diagnosis.
The rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms is the most severe form of stroke with high rates of mortality and disability. One of its primary treatments is to use stent or Flow Diverter to divert the blood flow away from the IA in a minimal invasive manner. To optimize such treatments, it is desirable to provide an automatic tool for virtual stenting before its actual implantation. In this paper, we propose a novel method, called ball-sweeping, for rapid virtual stenting. Our method sweeps a maximum inscribed sphere through the aneurysmal region of the vessel and directly generates a stent surface touching the vessel wall without needing to iteratively grow a deformable stent surface. Our resulting stent mesh has guaranteed smoothness and variable pore density to achieve an enhanced occlusion performance. Comparing to existing methods, our technique is computationally much more efficient.
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