A prototype ground based airglow imaging interferometer (GBAII) has been constructed to observe the upper atmospheric wind velocity and temperature at an altitude of 90-100 km, but the GBAII’s wind speed accuracy was found to be unsatisfactory with a value of 21.0 m/s. Three theoretical aspects have been investigated to improve the accuracy, with the following finding: 1) By replacing the surface coatings of the GBAII’s 6 lenses and Michelson interferometer (MI) with a new wind-speed infrared film rather than the original visible light film, the accuracy can be increased by 3.0 m/s. 2) By replacing the original charge-coupled device (CCD) with a quantum efficiency (QE) of 0.38 at the wavelength of approximately 866 nm by an electron multiplying CCD (EMCCD) with QE of 0.95, the accuracy can be increased by 6.7 m/s. By adding all the factors that improve the accuracy of the GBAII, it can be improved by 15.0 m/s, which realizes the original aim of wind speed accuracy of 6.0 m/s. Experimental results have been obtained for two aspects: 1) By replacing the surface film on the GBAII’s 6 lenses and MI interface, the wind speed accuracy has been increased by 3.8 m/s. 2) A new GBAII temperature controller has been constructed to control the environmental temperature in 0.2 K steps. The results obtained by the GBAII on Dec. 6, 2013 show an average atmospheric temperature of 206.5 K, zonal wind speed of -26.8 m/s and meridional wind speed of 28.1 m/s. These results are close to those of the TIMED (Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics) satellite Doppler interferometer (TIDI) data collected at almost the same time.
A ground based airglow imager interferometer (GBAII) has made in our group to detect the upper atmospheric temperature and wind velocity at terrestrial altitude 90-100 km. GBAII’s sources are the airglow of O (1S) 557.7 nm at altitude of 97km and O2 (0-1) 867.7nm at altitude of 94 km. a uniform value of the atmospheric transmissivity was used in the forward and inversion process of GBAII, which was led to GBAII a lower wind measurement accuracy. The atmospheric transmissivity of O2 (0-1) airglow is calculated and simulated in this paper. Based on the analysis and calculation of the high level atmospheric absorption, scattering attenuation, scattering ratio, acquire transmittance and the attenuation ratio of CO2 and water vapor are obtained by adding the methods of weighted mean, number density of molecules, different height modified segments, the different correction factors vs. different atmospheric heights etc. By MATLAB programme, the atmosphere scattering ratio is obtained to be 1.876×10-3, CO2 transmittance to be 0 and water vapor to be 0.1888, respectively. The total atmospheric transmittance of O2 (0-1) airglow is 0.4663.
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