Not only are waveguides fundamental as a light carrier, yet they are also key elements for countless optical components such as couplers, modulators and oscillators to name a few. Modulating waveguides is usually performed using electro-optics or acousto-optics principles involving, among others, specific crystals such as Lithium-Niobate or glass thermal poling to introduce second order non-linearity.
In this work, we investigate a waveguide phase-modulation based on optomechanics and in particular photoelasticity. Specifically, a fused silica suspended 3D waveguide suitable for a broad visible and near-infrared spectrum and able to carry a large single mode is implemented in the form of a double-clamped suspended beam. This optomechanical device oscillates up to kHz frequencies thanks to the use of dielectrophoresis excitation, resulting from a varying non-linear electric field. The suspended waveguide seats in a V-shape groove providing the electrostatic field. The full device is manufactured out of a single piece of silica through femtosecond laser exposure combined with chemical etching. In addition, a CO2-laser polishing step is added to achieve high surface quality and prevent scattering losses. The dynamic response of this optomechanical device can be further tuned - using the same femtosecond laser - to shift from a non-linear hardening frequency response to a linear one or to a softening mode.
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