Two dimensional (2-D) atomic layers have several advantages such as flexibility in choosing substrates, easy fabrication, large package area, minimum change of components, enhanced expiration date, and reduced defects by oxygen blocking structure for smart sensor. Individual graphene quantum dots (GQDs) become sensitive to H2 gas when their surfaces are decorated with Pd metal, and previous reports measure typical chemoresistive increases to be approximately 2-fold. Here, thousand-fold increases in resistance are demonstrated in the specific case where a Pd cluster decorates a GQDs defect site. Measurements on GQDs, performed both before and after defect incorporation, prove that defects have extraordinary consequences on the chemoresistive response, especially in the case of GQDs with metallic band structure.
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