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Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) has been successfully applied to studying the biophysical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) in a label-free and high-throughput way. However, the lack of molecular specificity has hindered the applicability of QPM for further studies in RBCs. In this paper, we propose a compact and three-wavelength QPM method and demonstrate its potential for measuring molecular-specific properties of specimens. Using the quantitative phase images from three wavelength channels that are acquired in a single shot, we derive a model to obtain the oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) and deoxyhemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) concentrations in RBCs. This new advance in QPM could be further applied to studying the morph-molecular properties of cells in real-time and characterizing cells in large populations to enable more frontier biomedical investigations.
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