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Objectives: To provide reference for the evaluation and diagnosis of chronic neck pain (CNP) syndrome. Methods: 22 patients with CNP and 22 healthy people were recruited from South China Normal University, who were all college students. The static electromyography (EMG) of the subjects’splenius capitis muscles and upper trapezius muscles was detected by a surface EMG device during isometric contractions of muscles, and the dynamic EMG of the subjects’ splenius capitis muscles and upper trapezius muscles was detected during head and neck flexion and extension. Results: (1) There were very significant differences in the average EMG of the neck muscle, which was isometrically contracted, between patients with CNP and healthy subjects in the head neutral position, head natural forward position, and head maximum flexion position (P < 0.001). (2) There were significant differences in the integral electromyography of the neck muscle, which was isometrically contracted, between patients with CNP and healthy subjects in the head neutral position, head natural forward position, and head maximum flexion position (P < 0.005). Conclusions: (1) Both splenius capitis muscles and trapezius muscles of college students with CNP had functional damage, and the functional damage of the former was severer. (2) During head and neck flexion and extension, FER of neck extensor muscle EMG in college students with CNP significantly increased, indicating that the active activity functions of neck extensor muscles of college students with CNP were insufficient and the flexion-relaxation responses were weakened.
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