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Sounding data can be said to be the most important data source for numerical weather prediction models, and the sounding instrument can obtain sounding data with different resolutions according to different data acquisition frequencies. In this paper, to investigate the effects of different spatial vertical resolutions on meteorological parameters, we first compare the conventional meteorological parameters with the different resolutions of the sounding data obtained from the sounding experiments in the Lhasa area of Tibet (with resolutions of 5m and 25m, respectively) and the ERA5 data. Comparisons were also made between the calculated vertical gradient quantities and the atmospheric refractive index structure constants (C2n ) estimated using three different methods. The result shows that the conventional meteorological parameters show good agreement in magnitude, trend, and detail variation in both 5m and 25m resolution data. The conventional meteorological parameters under ERA5 data are relatively consistent except for relative humidity. Vertical gradient quantities calculated using different resolution data have essentially the same trend at 5m and 25m data resolution, but the high-resolution data are larger than those for the low-resolution data. The trend and magnitude of the Thorpe method over the entire altitude range are more consistent with the measured values. The resolution of the data affects the amount of vertical gradient, leading to differences in the final estimates. HMNSP99 is more sensitive to data resolution.
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