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In this paper we demonstrate up-conversion emission at 550 nm into an Er-doped Ti:LiNbO3 waveguide pumped by a 980 nm laser diode. The two main processes of the up-conversion are the sequential two photon absorption (STPA) and the energy transfer (ET). In our case, the fluorescence lifetime of the 4S3/2 energy level of the Er3+ ion is measured as 32 microseconds. The fluorescence spectrum shows two peaks around 550 nm and 558 nm which are strongly polarization dependent. This effect is attributed to the different crystal fields induced by the location of Er3+ ions in the different LiNbO3 crystal lattices. The variations of the fluorescence intensity and the transmitted pump power are studied versus the length of Er-doped waveguide. The fluorescence intensity has a quadratic behavior versus the coupled pump power which demonstrate that the up-conversion mechanism is mainly due to a STPA process.
Vincent Voinot,Richard Ferriere,Henri Porte, andPascal Mollier
"550-nm emission of erbium-doped Ti:LiNbO3 waveguide pumped at 980 nm", Proc. SPIE 2788, High-Power Lasers: Gas and Solid State Lasers, (26 August 1996); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.248613
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Vincent Voinot, Richard Ferriere, Henri Porte, Pascal Mollier, "550-nm emission of erbium-doped Ti:LiNbO3 waveguide pumped at 980 nm," Proc. SPIE 2788, High-Power Lasers: Gas and Solid State Lasers, (26 August 1996); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.248613