Improved Fourier domain patchwork and template embedding using spatial masking

Huajian Liu; Martin Steinebach

doi:10.1117/12.907861

9 February 2012 Improved Fourier domain patchwork and template embedding using spatial masking

Huajian Liu, Martin Steinebach

Proceedings Volume 8303, Media Watermarking, Security, and Forensics 2012; 830305 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.907861
Event: IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, 2012, Burlingame, California, United States

Abstract

Robustness against distortions caused by common image processing is one of the essential properties for image watermarking to be applicable in real-world applications. Typical distortions include lossy JPEG compression, filtering, cropping, scaling, rotation, and so on, among which geometric distortion is more challenging. Even slight geometric distortion can totally fail the watermark detection through de-synchronization. Another important property is the watermark payload. Although one-bit watermark is widely used in research work for algorithm testing and evaluation, only checking whether a specific watermark exists does not meet the requirement of many practical applications. This paper presents a practical robust image watermarking algorithm which combines template embedding and patchwork watermarking in Fourier domain. The embedded template enables the necessary robustness against geometric distortions and the patchwork approach provides a reasonable watermark payload which can meet the requirement of most applications. A spatial perceptual mask is used to reshape the embedded energy after it is inverted to the spatial domain, which significantly improves the image quality and enhances the robustness of both template and watermark. Implementation issues and solutions, e.g. fine-tuning of embedding energy of individual pixels, are also discussed. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm.

Citation Download Citation

Huajian Liu and Martin Steinebach "Improved Fourier domain patchwork and template embedding using spatial masking", Proc. SPIE 8303, Media Watermarking, Security, and Forensics 2012, 830305 (9 February 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.907861

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