Liquid metals (LMs) and metal alloys offer an alternative two-dimensional (2D) material synthesis platform as the Cabrera-Mott oxidation reaction occurs at the solid-gas interface once exposed to ambient conditions. As a result, a smooth and ultrathin oxide layer attaching weakly to the LM solvent forms, can be transferred easily onto desired substrates. To date, several LM-based syntheses have been developed and gained popularity since they offer scalable, low-temperature, cost-effective, and vacuum-free alternatives to conventional processes.
The liquid metal-based synthesis strategies allow the isolation of centimetre-scale, super-thin nanosheets of 2D metal oxides with high reproducibility. These oxides can then be directly used or processed further into desired compounds like metal nitrides and metal sulfides which also own promising electronic and optical properties. The as-synthesized 2D nanosheets are subsequently fabricated as basic electronic, optoelectronic, and sensing devices exhibiting remarkable performances. The findings are expected to inspire significant further work in the field of ultra-thin transparent and flexible electronics.
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