InGaN quantum well (QW) based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, which are usually fabricated on the c-plane GaN substrates, have a problem of unstable polarization since the c-plane has high symmetry. A candidate for solving this problem is to introduce optical anisotropy by breaking the six-fold symmetry of c-plane InGaN-QWs. In this study, we proposed that the anisotropic strain can be introduced by bending InGaN-QWs so that lasing polarization can be stabilized, and we have performed demonstrative optical measurements of such polarization control in InGaN-QWs. From the results of
the experiment, we have determined the deformation potentials of InGaN alloy materials.
We have conducted simultaneous photoacoustic (PA) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements to accurately estimate the internal quantum efficiency (IQE). The method detects light from radiative recombination through PL measurement and heat from non-radiative recombination through PA measurement. In this study, we have applied the method to an InGaN-QW sample on a “stripe-core” GaN substrate in which the dislocation density periodically changes. Considering that photo-excited carriers recombine either radiatively or non-radiatively, the heat generation will increase in the defective region where emission efficiency is weak. In the line-scan measurement, the position-dependent complementary relationship between the PA and PL intensity is clearly observed.
Internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of radiative recombination for photo-excited carriers in compound semiconductor materials is usually estimated from temperature dependence of photoluminescence (PL) intensity by assuming that the IQE at cryogenic temperature is unity. III-nitride semiconductors, however, usually have large defect-density, and the assumption is not necessarily valid. In this study, we developed a new method to estimate accurate IQE values by simultaneous PL and photo-acoustic (PA) measurements, and demonstratively evaluated the IQE values for an InGaN quantum-well sample. The results show that the conventional method cannot give accurate IQE values, and that our method is a promising way for accurate estimation of absolute IQE values, which could lead to the accurate estimation of radiative and nonradiative recombination lifetimes in carrier dynamics studies.
Internal quantum efficiency (IQE) is usually estimated from temperature dependence of photoluminescence (PL) intensity by assuming that the IQE at cryogenic temperature is unity. III-nitride samples, however, usually have large defect-density, and the assumption is not necessarily valid. In this study, we developed a new method to estimate accurate IQE values by simultaneous PL and photo-acoustic (PA) measurements, and demonstratively evaluated the IQE values for various GaN samples. The results show that the conventional method cannot give accurate IQE values for low-quality samples although it can be valid for high-quality samples, and that our method can always give accurate values.
Radiative and non-radiative recombination lifetimes in III-nitride semiconductors are usually estimated from time-resolved and temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements by assuming that internal quantum efficiency (IQE) at cryogenic temperature is unity. In our recent study, we found that the assumption is not necessarily valid, from simultaneous measurements of PL and photo-acoustic (PA) signals. In this study, we estimate accurate lifetimes from the reliable IQE values estimated by the simultaneous PL/PA measurements, and it is found that radiative lifetime in GaN increases in proportion to the 1.5th power of temperature and that non-radiative lifetime shows little temperature dependence although the non-radiative lifetime itself largely depends on sample quality.
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