KEYWORDS: Amplifiers, Sensors, Analog electronics, Linear filtering, Signal processing, Transistors, CMOS technology, Interference (communication), Sensor networks, Signal detection
This paper presents a simple 1.2 V low-power rail-to-rail class AB operational amplifier (OpAmp) suitable for integrated lock-in amplifiers. The proposed OpAmp has been designed in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology. For a 1.2 V single supply and 68.6 μW power consumption, simulations shows a 81 dB open loop gain, 64° phase margin, 13 MHz unity gain frequency for a capacitive load of 10pF and 75 dB CMRR. Adaptive biasing provides 30.7 V/μs slew-rate for a 10 pF load. A compact and reliable lock-in amplifier (LIA) has been designed using the proposed circuit. The designed LIA has a power consumption of 135 μW and recovers signals up to 1 MHz with relative errors below 2.6 % for noise and interference signals of the same amplitude as the signal of interest.
This paper presents a new automatic gain control main amplifier for 10GBase-LX4 Ethernet realized in a 0.18 μm
CMOS process. The proposed optical-fiber differential post-amplifier is based on a very compact inductorless design
which comprises three main digitally programmable gain stages followed by a buffer. It is characterized by a -3 dB
cutoff frequency above 3 GHz over a -3 to 33 dB linear-in-dB gain control. It includes a DC offset cancellation
network and an automatic gain control loop which establishes a setting time below 1μs. Results show a sensitivity of
2.1 mV for BER = 10-12 and an input dynamic range above 50 dB. The power consumption is 58 mW at a single supply
voltage of 1.8 V.
The increasing application of sensor networks in many different fields causes a growing demand of low-cost passive
sensors for monitoring physical variables as temperature, pressure or ambient humidity. These sensors need a
conditioning circuit that allows an easy interface to a microcontroller, taking advantage of the full range of the sensor
and reducing the microcontroller requirements. This paper presents a conditioning electronics designed to transform the
output of low-cost resistive sensors to a frequency variable signal. The circuit is designed to use the full frequency range
available, providing a good resolution. These quasi-digital signals are compatible to the logic levels of a standard low-power
microcontroller, allowing its connection through a digital I/O port.
This paper presents a new low-voltage pseudo-differential continuous-time CMOS transconductor for wideband
applications. The proposed cell is based on a feedforward cancellation of the input common-mode signal and keeps the
input common mode voltage constant, while the transconductance is easily tunable through a continuous bias voltage.
Linearity is preserved during the tuning process for a moderate range of transconductance values. Simulation results for a
0.35 &mgr;m CMOS design show a 1:2 Gm tuning range with an almost constant bandwidth over 600 MHz. Total harmonic
distortion figures are below -60 dB over the whole range at 10 MHz up to a 200 &mgr;Ap-p differential output. The proposed
cell consumes less than 1.2 mW from a single 2.0 V supply.
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