This paper presents a novel face detection method, which integrates the discriminating feature analysis of the input image, the statistical modeling of face and nonface classes, and the Bayes classifier for multiple frontal face detection. First, feature analysis derives a discriminating feature vector by combining the input image, its 1-D Haar wavelet representation, and its amplitude projections. Second, statistical modeling estimates the conditional probability density functions, or PDFs, of the face and nonface classes, respectively. Finally, the Bayes classifier applies the estimated conditional PDFs to detect multiple frontal faces in an image. Experimental results using 853 images (containing a total of 970 faces) from diverse image sources show the feasibility of the proposed face detection method.
This paper presents a kernel Fisher Linear Discriminant (FLD) method for face recognition. The kernel FLD method is extended to include fractional power polynomial models for enhanced face recognition performance. A fractional power polynomial, however, does not necessarily define a kernel function, as it might not define a positive semi-definite Gram matrix. Note that the sigmoid kernels, one of the three classes of widely used kernel functions (polynomial kernels, Gaussian kernels, and sigmoid kernels), do not actually define a positive semi-definite Gram matrix, either. Nevertheless, the sigmoid kernels have been successfully used in practice, such as in building support vector machines. The feasibility of the kernel FLD method with fractional power polynomial models has been successfully tested on face recognition using a FERET data set that contains 600 frontal face images corresponding to 200 subjects. These images are acquired under variable illumination and facial expression. Experimental results show that the kernel FLD method with fractional power polynomial models achieves better face recognition performance than the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method using various similarity measures, the FLD method, and the kernel FLD method with polynomial kernels.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.