Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a fundamental problem of the autonomous systems in GPS (Global
Navigation System) denied environments. The traditional probabilistic SLAM methods uses point features as landmarks
and hold all the feature positions in their state vector in addition to the robot pose. The bottleneck of the point-feature
based SLAM methods is the data association problem, which are mostly based on a statistical measure. The data
association performance is very critical for a robust SLAM method since all the filtering strategies are applied after a
known correspondence. For point-features, two different but very close landmarks in the same scene might be confused
while giving the correspondence decision when their positions and error covariance matrix are solely taking into account.
Instead of using the point features, planar features can be considered as an alternative landmark model in the SLAM
problem to be able to provide a more consistent data association. Planes contain rich information for the solution of the
data association problem and can be distinguished easily with respect to point features. In addition, planar maps are very
compact since an environment has only very limited number of planar structures. The planar features does not have to be
large structures like building wall or roofs; the small plane segments can also be used as landmarks like billboards, traffic
posts and some part of the bridges in urban areas. In this paper, a probabilistic plane-feature extraction method from 3DLiDAR
data and the data association based on the extracted semantic information of the planar features is introduced.
The experimental results show that the semantic data association provides very satisfactory result in outdoor 6D-SLAM.
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