Hetero-core structured fiber optic was applied to evanescent field absorption spectroscopy. The sensing part of the fiber
optic was immersed in a dye solution, then the bending was applied to the fiber optic probe, and propagating loss spectra
were measured. The effects of refractive index of the dye solution and the degree of the bending to the sensor part were
studied. According to increasing of the degree of bending, the peak strength of the spectra of the dye increased. This is
because that the increasing of the bending degree changes the angle of incidence in the propagating ray following the
evanescent wave is generated effectively, hence the number of the dye molecules that can interact with the evanescent
wave increases. As a result, the sensitivity enhancement of the peak strength was performed. In addition, the increase of
the refractive index of the dye solution enhanced the peak intensity in the absorption spectra. It has been shown that the
sensitivity enhancement of the fiber optic sensor would be performed by physical shape control and physical property of
the solution such as refractive index.
In this paper, multipoint refractive index measurement is described using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors
based on hetero-core structured fiber optic technique. The sensor simply consists of two different core diameters fibers,
which are connected by thermal fusion splicing, in order to deliberately leak the transmitted light wave into the cladding
layer of the sensing fiber region. Chromium film and gold film were uniformly deposited around the cladding surface
with a layer thickness of 5 nm and 45 nm, respectively, for SPR excitation. Multipoint measurement system consists of
three SPR sensors, whose hetero-core insertion length are employed as 2-mm, located in a single transmission optical
fiber and an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to be used to measure refractive index. As a result, a hetero-core
insertion length has trade off between sensitivity for refractive index and the number of sensors in tandem. The proposed
multipoint refractive index measurement has been successfully demonstrated using three hetero-core SPR sensors and
OTDR.
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