Piezoresistive sensors, which have been widely studied and applied to several applications, are usually made of
a piezoresistive membrane attached to a flexible substrate, a plate. A topology optimization formulation for
the design of piezoresistive plate-based sensors, for which the piezoresistive membrane disposition is optimized
together with the substrate, is proposed in this work. The objective is to maximize the sensor sensitivity to
external loading, as well as the stiffness of the sensor to particular loads. A material model for the piezoresistive
membrane based on the Solid IsotropicMaterial with Penalizationmodel, and perfect coupling conditions between
the plate and the membrane based on the "layerwise" theory for laminated plates are employed. Results for an
AFM probe suggest that the performance of the sensors can be improved by using the proposed approach.
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) seeks to recover the impedance distribution within a body using boundary data. More specifically, given the measured potentials, the model of the body - an elliptic partial differential equation - and the boundary conditions, this technique solves a non-linear inverse problem for the unknown impedance. In this work, an algorithm called Topology Optimization Method (TOM) is applied to EIT and compared to the Gauss-Newton Method (GNM). The Topology Optimization has solved some non-linear inverse problems and some of its procedures were not investigated for EIT, for instance, the use of Sequential Linear Programming. Assuming a pure resistive medium, the static resistivity distribution of a phantom was estimated using a 2-D finite element model. While the first method (GNM) essentially solves several algebraic systems, the second (TOM) solves several linear programming problems. Results using experimental data are shown and the quality of the images obtained, time and memory used are compared for both algorithms. We intend to use these methods, in future works, for the visualization of a human lung subjected to mechanical ventilation.
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