Emerald, natural and synthetic, are the subject of study by means of optical spectroscopy techniques. Particularly,
natural emeralds have been considered as a gemstone in jewelry not being so the synthetic ones. But, in general, the
properties of these are very good for applications, for instance as a laser system, due to the impurities control. In this
work a comparison between natural and synthetic emeralds is done. Chromium ions are the main responsible of the
characteristic fascinating green color of these gemstones, entering in the crystals in octahedral sites. Absorption at room
temperature show up two broad bands in the visible region and two narrow bands called the R-lines. That spectrum
corresponds to trivalent chromium ions in an octahedral site, as it happens in ruby and alexandrite. On other hand,
photoemission arises in the range 640-850 nm. at room temperature . It is shown that the luminescence spectra changes
as the temperature is lowered. The effect on the main peak of luminescence when high pressure is applied on small
samples of emerald shows as a linear function.
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