Faults inevitably occur during high-speed train operations and affect the security of the system. In order to improve train reliability, the paper proposes a fault detection (FD) framework for traction systems based on the segmental autoencoder (SAE), and within this framework, the target fault detection work is implemented in combination with a data-driven method base. The main objective of the proposed scheme is to determine the generalized kernel representation based on the knowledge learned from the autoencoder and to complete the construction of a residual generator by means of a special structure to obtain the final FD results. To verify the FD effect of the method on the traction system, the results are verified by a simulation experimental platform to ensure the effectiveness of the method on the target system.
KEYWORDS: Principal component analysis, Neural networks, Convolutional neural networks, Detection and tracking algorithms, Mathematical modeling, Sensors, Data processing, Control systems, Data modeling
Traction systems provide the traction power of high-speed trains. Because the complex operation mechanism of train under actual working conditions and the measured data are nonlinear and non-Gaussian, and the sampling frequency of the sensor is high in actual working conditions. Directly using a neural network or the multivariate statistical method is challenging to obtain the ideal fault detection (FD) result. Therefore, this paper proposes a data-driven method based on broad learning system (BLS) and convolutional neural network (CNN) assisted principal component analysis (PCA). Two neural networks are used to enhance the robustness of the algorithm, so that the proposed method has better fault detection ability in nonlinear and non-Gaussian systems. The advantage of this method is that it does not require the establishment of a complex high-speed train data model. Instead, by processing the collected data, the proposed algorithm can ensure good fault detection capabilities. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are verified on the simulation platform of traction drive control system (TDCS).
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