One of the most important recent issues facing White Nile State, Sudan, as well as Sub Saharan Africa, is the threat of
continued land degradation and desertification as a result of climatic factors and human activities. Remote sensing and
satellites imageries with multi-temporal and spectral and GIS capability, plays a major role in developing a global and
local operational capability for monitoring land degradation and desertification in dry lands, as well as in White Nile
State. The process of desertification in form of sand encroachment in White Nile State has increased rapidly, and much
effort has been devoted to define and study its causes and impacts. This study depicts the capability afforded by remote
sensing and GIS to analyze and map the aggregate stability as indicator for the ability of soil to wind erosion process in
White Nile State by using Geo-statistical techniques. Cloud-free subset Landsat; Enhance Thematic Mapper plus (ETM
+) scenes covering the study area dated 2008 was selected in order to identify the different features covering the study
area as well as to make the soil sampling map. Wet-sieving method was applied to determine the aggregate stability. The
geo-statistical methods in EARDAS 9.1 software was used for mapping the aggregate stability. The results showed that
the percentage of aggregate stability ranged from (0 to 61%) in the study area, which emphasized the phenomena of sand
encroachment from the western part (North Kordofan) to the eastern part (White Nile State), following the wind
direction. The study comes out with some valuable recommendations and comments, which could contribute positively
in reducing sand encroachments
The gum arabic belt in Sudan plays a significant role in environmental, social and economical aspects. This research was conducted in North Kordofan State, which is affected by modifications in conditions and composition of vegetation cover trends in the gum arabic belt as in the rest of the Sahelian Sudan zone. The objective of the paper is to study the classification, changes and analysis of the land use and land cover in the gum arabic belt in North Kordofan State in Sudan. The study used imageries from different satellites (Landsat and ASTER) and multi-temporal dates (MSS 1972, TM 1985, ETM+ 1999 and ASTER 2007) acquired in dry season. The imageries were geo-referenced and radiometrically corrected by using ENVI-FLAASH software. Image classification (pixel-based) and accuracy assessment were applied. Application of multi-temporal remote sensing data demonstrated successfully the identification and mapping of land use and land cover into five main classes. Forest dominated by Acacia senegal class was separated covering an area of 21% in the year 2007. The obvious changes and reciprocal conversions in the land use and land cover structure indicate the trends and conditions caused by the human interventions as well as ecological impacts on Acacia senegal trees. Also the study revealed that a drastic loss of forest resources occurred in the gum arabic belt in North Kordofan during 1972 to 2007 (25% for Acacia senegal trees). The study concluded that, using of traditional Acacia senegal-based agro-forestry as one of the most successful form in the gum belt.
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