Today there is a strong interest in the scientific and industrial community concerning the use of biopolymers for
electronic applications, mainly driven by low-cost and disposable applications. Adding to this interest, we must
recognize the importance of the wireless auto sustained and low energy consumption electronics dream. This dream can
be fulfilled by cellulose paper, the lightest and the cheapest known substrate material, as well as the Earth's major
biopolymer and of tremendous global economic importance. The recent developments of oxide thin film transistors and
in particular the production of paper transistors at room temperature had contributed, as a first step, for the development
of disposable, low cost and flexible electronic devices. To fulfil the wireless demand, it is necessary to prove the concept
of self powered devices. In the case of paper electronics, this implies demonstrating the idea of self regenerated thin film
paper batteries and its integration with other electronic components. Here we demonstrate this possibility by actuating
the gate of paper transistors by paper batteries. We found that when a sheet of cellulose paper is covered in both faces
with thin layers of opposite electrochemical potential materials, a voltage appears between both electrodes -paper
battery, which is also self-regenerated. The value of the potential depends upon the materials used for anode and
cathode. An open circuit voltage of 0.5V and a short-circuit current density of 1μA/cm2 were obtained in the simplest
structure produced (Cu/paper/Al). For actuating the gate of the paper transistor, seven paper batteries were integrated in
the same substrate in series, supplying a voltage of 3.4V. This allows proper ON/OFF control of the paper transistor.
Apart from that transparent conductive oxides can be also used as cathode/anode materials allowing so the production of
thin film batteries with transparent electrodes compatible with flexible, invisible, self powered and wireless electronics.
Reported herein is a nonvolatile n-type floating gate memory paper field-effect transistor, emphasizing the role of the
paper structure and properties on the device performance recorded such as in the high capacitance per unit area at low
frequencies (>2.5 μFcm-2) and so on the set of high charge retention times achieved (>16000 hours). The device was
built via the hybrid integration of natural cellulose fibers, which act simultaneously as substrate and gate dielectric, using
amorphous indium zinc and gallium indium zinc oxides respectively for the gate electrode and channel layer. This was
complemented by the use of continuous patterned metal layers as source/drain electrodes.
In this paper we report the use of a sheet of cellulose fiber-based paper as the dielectric layer used in oxide based
semiconductor thin film field-effect transistors (FETs). In this new approach we are using the cellulose fiber-based
paper in an "interstrate" structure since the device is build on both sides of the cellulose sheet. Such hybrid FETs
present excellent operating characteristics such as high channel saturation mobility (>30 cm2/Vs), drain-source
current on/off modulation ratio of approximately 104, near-zero threshold voltage, enhancement n-type operation
and sub-threshold gate voltage swing of 0.8 V/decade. The cellulose fiber-based paper FETs characteristics have
been measured in air ambient conditions and present good stability. The obtained results outpace those of
amorphous Si TFTs and rival with the same oxide based TFTs produced on either glass or crystalline silicon
substrates. The compatibility of these devices with large-scale/large-area deposition techniques and low cost
substrates as well as their very low operating bias delineates this as a promising approach to attain high-performance
disposable electronics like paper displays, smart labels, smart packaging, RFID and point-of-care systems for self
analysis in bio-applications, among others.
Environmental management often requires in loco observation of the area under analysis. Augmented Reality (AR) technologies allow real time superimposition of synthetic objects on real images, providing augmented knowledge about the surrounding world. Users of an AR system can visualize the real surrounding world together with additional data generated in real time in a contextual way. The work reported in this paper was done in the scope of ANTS (Augmented Environments) project. ANTS is an AR project that explores the development of an augmented reality technological infrastructure for environmental management. This paper presents the architecture and the most relevant modules of ANTS. The system’s architecture follows the client-server model and is based on several independent, but functionally interdependent modules. It has a flexible design, which allows the transfer of some modules to and from the client side, according to the available processing capacities of the client device and the application’s requirements. It combines several techniques to identify the user’s position and orientation allowing the system to adapt to the particular characteristics of each environment. The determination of the data associated to a certain location involves the use of both a 3D Model of the location and the multimedia geo-referenced database.
KEYWORDS: Video, Multimedia, Visualization, Video processing, Mobile devices, Augmented reality, 3D modeling, Image processing, 3D image processing, Cell phones
This paper presents and integrated view of personalized information spaces. The topics that are described cover different dimensions of describing, customizing, reusing and presenting multimedia content. In order to have personalized multimedia content the systems should provide the ability to access it when and where it is necessary, in a way that is appropriate for each specific user. The paper describes several multimedia information processing and visualization systems that explore these concepts. More specifically, the applications and systems include annotation tools for describing and enhancing multimedia content, personalization and customization techniques, and tools for anytime, anywhere access to multimedia information. The examples of information access are an augmented reality system and applications for mobile devices, representing two of the dominant and convergent trends in ubiquitous computing.
This paper describes an experimental system (WeatherDigest) for automatic conversion of TV weather forecasts to HTML documents. This application is presented as an example of a larger system dealing with media understanding, representation and dissemination. An object model for media representation and processing is described and WeatherDigest is presented in terms of this object model. The concepts explored in WeatherDigest are then generalized to a repository of multimedia information (media server). This server can handle requests from clients with different requirements allowing to retrieve the same information in multiple formats.
The paper describes the results of using a time and synchronization toolkit in a medical imaging application. The design and architectural principles of the toolkit are summarized. We then present the cineloop synchronization situation and discuss the possible solutions. We conclude by describing how these solutions are implemented and what kind of support is required from the toolkit.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.