Optically addressable spin defects hosted in two-dimensional van der Waals materials represent a new frontier for quantum technologies, promising to lead to a new class of ultrathin quantum sensors and simulators. Recently, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been shown to host several types of optically addressable spin defects, thus offering a unique opportunity to utilise various spin species in a single material. Here we demonstrate the co-existence of two separate spin species within a single hBN powder sample, namely boron vacancy defects and visible emitter spins. To identify the two spin species, we studied photoluminescence (PL) and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectra for the as-received commercially sourced hBN powder and after electron irradiation. Further, we prepared a film of hBN powder on a test magnetic sample (a patterned CoFeB film with in-plane magnetization) and used the hBN spins to spatially map the sample’s stray magnetic field at room temperature.Our results establish hBN as a versatile platform for quantum technologies in a van der Waals host at room temperature.
Photons are being treated as both particles and wave. From the postulates of special relativity and inverse square law, it is equally likely for all other charges surrounding a charge to register information about its presence with certain strength irrespective of the distance of separation. A new method of apparent position of charges is being proposed using which photon is treated as a spherical shell of information with its radius increasing at a rate of speed of light. With this approach, the presence of photon at many places at the same time in a double slit experiment can be explained which can also be extended to matter waves. Based on the mutual separation between all charges and relative speeds, this paper discusses the strength of information i.e energy of photon to be registered at each charge, generation of new information after registering old information and its strength. This paper also discusses the factors resulting in attenuation of information while it is propagating, concern on single photon detectors, applications for renewable energy devices and an insight into quantum mechanical and general relativistic aspects of the new approach.
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle explains single slit diffraction1 where maximum is always at the centre. The same
experiment has been conducted but with transparent walls i.e. the material present on either side of the slit, instead of
opaque material. The observed result is a minimum at the centre in between two maximum. It is intuitive that atleast
some photons passed through the slit must end up at the centre of the diffraction pattern but the result is different. The
diffraction pattern occurs as the photons interact with the material around the slit. While uncertainty principle cannot
give quantitative explanation as the photons confined in gap between slits still occupy the same space whether it is
passing through a slit or not. This paper discusses various experiments and results by examining the interactions between
photons and the material of the wall which makes the slit for better understanding of properties of light.
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