Tooth is of great significance to human health. With age, the characteristics of the teeth will change. At present, different detection methods have been developed to detect the characteristics of teeth. However, the existing detection methods have shortcomings. In view of the effective characterization of teeth characteristics in different age groups, this paper aims to explore spectral polarization method, namely a non-destructive and low-loss detection method, which is a useful supplement to conventional detection methods. The method for spectral polarization to effectively characterize the tooth characteristics of different ages was proposed. Tooth samples from 7 different age groups, such as 10-20 years old, 20-30 years old, 30-40 years old, 40-50 years old, 50-60 years old, 60-70 years old and over 70 years old, were selected; 4 different observation spectrum bands such as 450nm, 550nm, 670nm, 870nm were selected; the polarization parameters were selected to describe the spectral polarization characteristics of the teeth, and a polynomial correlation mathematical model was constructed. The experimental results showed that the tooth samples in the same age group showed a negative correlation between spectrum band and polarization characteristics. The polarization characteristics of tooth samples in subjects aged 50-60 years old reached the peak value for the same observation band. Construction of the model could effectively interpret the coupling correlation between tooth samples and spectral polarization characteristics in different age groups. The research content of this paper effectively expands the method of tooth characteristic detection, reveals that spectral polarization can effectively characterize tooth characteristics, and develops a novel non-destructive and lowloss polarization spectral detection technology.
The seasonal variations of forest canopy spectral characteristics are critical to improving the utilization of remote sensing methodology to quantify forest physiology, especially forest carbon sink. However, the seasonal variations of forest canopy spectra are poorly understood. Combined field survey and EO-1 Hyperion imageries, we extracted the spectral curves of seven forest types of Changbai Mountain in China in seven periods. We also calculated various remote sensing indexes and analyzed their seasonal change of spectral characteristics among different forest types. Optimal indexes were selected to indicate the seasonal variation of forest carbon fluxes. Our results showed that there were differences in spectral curves among forest types. The reflectance of coniferous forests was lower than that of broad-leaved forests in growing season. Changbai Scotch pine forest owned the lowest spectral reflectance, whereas the reflectance of Mongolian oak forest was the highest, especially in the near-infrared region. The red edge slope (RES) of broad-leaved forest was higher than coniferous forest in spring and summer. The RES of broad-leaved and coniferous forests was similar in autumn. The red edge position of various forest types showed slight shift in different seasons. Four typical forest types showed different spectral characteristics with seasonal changes. The seasonal variation of coniferous forest spectral curves was not obvious. The seasonal variation of broad-leaved forest spectra was the largest. Most of the spectral indexes can indicate the seasonal variation characteristics of each forest type. Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) is better than normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to indicate the forest phenology. Seasonal curves of spectral indexes were different in all forest types. Spectral indexes of coniferous forests were most stable throughout the year. The curves of each index in broad-leaved forests showed significant difference in autumn, which may be influenced by the understory vegetation after their defoliation. For broad-leaved Korean (BK) pine forest, the scaled value of photochemical reflectance index (SPRI)*EVI owned the highest correlation with gross primary productivity (R = 0.99 and P < 0.01) and net ecosystem exchange (R = − 0.77 and P < 0.05), respectively. SPRI*NDVI showed the highest correlation with ecosystem respiration (R = 0.96 and P < 0.01). The seasonal variation of carbon fluxes of different forest types retrieved from the optimal remote sensing index were consistent, but their peaks occurred at different times.
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