The work shows the fundamental elements of an inclusive educational guidance conception of substantive university processes and results achieved at the Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría of Havana in the contribution from optical course to develop it for the students in first and second year of the engineering programs, by means of lectures on holography and three-dimensional images of motivation and link with different specialties and the development of experimental facilities and methodology for the construction of holograms and anaglyph by students for engineering applications.
Pulmonary surfactant is a very important product in the medical treatment of the syndrome of insufficiency respiratory in neonates. The synthesis of this surfactant in labs need to optimize the rate of spreading in the alveolar interstitial liquid obtaining a monolayer of the phospholipids membrane base capable to maintains several of the dynamical properties of the respiratory system during breathing. The recover of theses mechanical properties has to be archived using the minimal quantities of product and with the optimal proteins composition (SP-B in special). In this paper we show our results of obtaining and process speckle pattern images of the spreading of phospholipids membrane composed the matrix of this product (DPPC) when physiologic interstitial liquid are presented.
Undoubtedly the most important result of the investigations in physiology and biophysics was the discovery of the electrochemical mechanism of propagation of the action potential in nerves that was made by Hodgkin and Huxley during the first half of the past century. Since some decades ago diverse experiments about the electro optical properties of the axon membrane there was published using the most diverse optical experimental procedures6-10. In this paper some results of a dynamical speckle technique applied for obtaining microscopic images of a section of a squid giant axon membrane during the activation by electrical impulses and his digital process are presented.
KEYWORDS: Brain, 3D image processing, Neuroimaging, Angiography, 3D displays, Magnetic resonance imaging, Medical imaging, Image visualization, Visualization, Magnetic resonance angiography
The magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can be used to examine blood vessels in key
areas of the body, including the brain. In the MRA, a powerful magnetic field, radio waves
and a computer produce the detailed images. Physicians use the procedure in brain
images mainly to detect atherosclerosis disease in the carotid artery of the neck, which
may limit blood flow to the brain and cause a stroke and identify a small aneurysm or
arteriovenous malformation inside the brain.
Multi-autostereoscopic displays provide multiple views of the same scene, rather than just
two, as in autostereoscopic systems. Each view is visible from a different range of positions
in front of the display. This allows the viewer to move left-right in front of the display and
see the correct view from any position.
The use of 3D imaging in the medical field has proven to be a benefit to doctors when
diagnosing patients. For different medical domains a stereoscopic display could be
advantageous in terms of a better spatial understanding of anatomical structures, better
perception of ambiguous anatomical structures, better performance of tasks that require
high level of dexterity, increased learning performance, and improved communication with
patients or between doctors.
In this work we describe a multi-autostereoscopic system and how to produce 3D MRA
images to be displayed with it. We show results of brain MR angiography images
discussing, how a 3D visualization can help physicians to a better diagnosis.
In this work we describe a setup employed for the recording of vertical dispersive
holographic screens that can be used for medical applications. We show how to obtain
holographic screens with areas up to 1200 cm2, focal length of 25±2 cm and diffraction
efficiency of 7.2%. We analyze the technique employed and the holographic screens
obtained. Using this screen we describe a setup for the projection of Magnetic
Resonance or Tomographic Images. We also describe and present the first results of an
autostereoscopic system for 3D medical imaging.
We describe one setup employed for the recording of two types of holographic screens that can be used in white-light applications. We show how to obtain holographic screens with areas up to 1370 cm2 and diffraction efficiency of 17%. We analyze the holographic screens in their relevant aspects as to focal lengths, theoretical approach, sizes, and diffraction efficiencies, specifying when each type is appropriate for particular applications.
The Laboratory of Coherent Optics possesses the following lines of investigation laser material processing, holography, image processing, biomedical applications of laser, speckle techniques and other optical measuring techniques. In the present paper, some of the most important results obtained in the last three years are described.
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