Operation in aggressive environmental conditions and the interaction of friction pairs impose increased demands on modern parts used in aircraft engine manufacturing and electrical power engineering. Often, working in such conditions leads to the premature failure of parts and equipment, as well as energy loss due to friction and wear processes. Advanced technologies for surface modification and coating deposition by various methods can enhance the performance characteristics of such parts. The technology of laser cladding for wear-resistant coatings, combined with preliminary surface modification, allows the creation of a protective layer on the surface and strengthens it. This paper provides an overview of modern methods for surface modification and deposition of protective coatings using various physical techniques, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. The most promising method is the laser cladding of wear-resistant coatings with preliminary surface modification. An algorithm for the laser cladding process has been developed for this technology. The paper proposes the use of a new wear-resistant coating made from powder materials based on chromium and molybdenum carbides. The influence of the mixture composition on the properties of the synthesized coating has been determined. Adhesion strength and coating thickness have been evaluated.
Nanostructured Ti-TiN coatings are one of the most common types of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coatings of machine parts and cutting tools. Multicomponent nanostructured coatings were deposited on AISI 318 substrates by vacuum-arc spraying by ion flux ratio for 30-45 seconds with formation of three types of Ti-TiN coatings: three-layer coating, multilayer coating and nanostructured coating. We propose to use the technology of Ti-TiN multilayer coating based on surface modification of the sample by bombarding with a high-current discharge using a “PINK” plasma generator, heating the substrate with ions of cathode material and obtaining cathode material condensation on targets followed by formation of multilayer coating. Target bombarding with an additional ion flux creates active nucleation centers where adsorption occurs and a fine-grained structure is formed. Ion bombardment significantly affects the physical and chemical properties of the sample surface. A detailed research of the change in the relationship of microhardness and adhesion strength of the coating depending on the type of coating of the sample was conducted, and corrosion resistance and wear resistance were investigated by high-precision signal processing from an automatic friction tribometer at a speed of 127 rpm for 60 minutes. As a result of data processing of measuring instruments during control of tribological and physical-mechanical characteristics it was established that formation of nanostructured coatings Ti-TiN with smaller thickness of Ti-TiN layer (30-100 nm) with submicrocrystalline structure allows to improve significantly physicalmechanical characteristics of samples.
The resistibility to corrosion of biocompatible metals is significantly reduced when plastic deformation of the surface layer is more than 0.5%. To increase the successful reliability of consolidation of bone tissues is proposed to use implants made of chemically pure titanium with a nanostructured biocompatible Ti-TiN coating to improve functional properties. An increase in functional properties is provided by improving coating deposition technology in an arc discharge plasma, which does not allow the formation of any impurities. The use of a high-current diffusion discharge in a vacuum chamber forms a controlled microstructure and the morphology of the implant surface, which increases adhesion during healing. The effectiveness of the proposed coating of implants is proved by the results of comparative tests on the study of the functional properties of samples without coating, with a coating applied by traditional technology and improved technology with a high-current diffusion discharge.
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