Prof. Staffan Holmin Profile

Prof. Staffan Holmin

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SPIE Journal Paper | 20 March 2018

Subpixel x-ray imaging with an energy-resolving detector

Mats Persson, Staffan Holmin, Staffan Karlsson, Hans Bornefalk, Mats Danielsson

JMI, Vol. 5, Issue 01, 013507, (March 2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JMI.5.1.013507

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Iodine, X-ray imaging, Photons, Tissues, X-rays, Signal attenuation, Silicon, Mathematical modeling, Calibration

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The detector pixel size can be a severe limitation in x-ray imaging of fine details in the human body. We demonstrate a method of using spectral x-ray measurements to image the spatial distribution of the linear attenuation coefficient on a length scale smaller than one pixel, based on the fact that interfaces parallel to the x-ray beam have a unique spectral response, which distinguishes them from homogeneous materials. We evaluate the method in a simulation study by simulating projection imaging of the border of an iodine insert with 200 mg / ml I in a soft tissue phantom. The results show that the projected iodine profile can be recovered with an RMS resolution of 5% to 34% of the pixel size, using an ideal energy-resolving detector. We also validate this method in an experimental study by imaging an iodine insert in a polyethylene phantom using a photon-counting silicon-strip detector. The results show that abrupt and gradual transitions can be distinguished based on the transmitted x-ray spectrum, in good agreement with simulations. The demonstrated method may potentially be used for improving visualization of blood vessel boundaries, e.g., in acute stroke care.

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