Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is used to investigate water and soot contaminations in oils, exhibiting different dilution modes. For synthetic polyglycol oils, the water is dissolved due to the polar behavior of the oil, whereas in non polar mineral oils the water-oil compound forms an emulsion. This behavior is modeled with an effective medium approximation (EMA) formalism. Small soot agglomerates are remaining in suspension when mineral oils are polluted with soot particles. In this case, the absorption spectrum is dominated by scattering effects. Due to the small particle size of the soot agglomerates compared to the THz wavelength, coherent scattering is the dominant process.
The water content in polyglycol oils is investigated by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS). These oils are able to dissolve a certain percentage of water. Changes in the absorption coefficient and refractive index are observed related to the amount of water added to the pure oils. Comparison of the experimental data with predictions based on Beer-Lambert and Lorentz-Lorenz-theory, respectively, exhibits an excellent agreement. Analyses with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy reveal sensitivity similar to the THz-TDS experiment. THz-TDS may offer powerful tools to quantitatively determine the water concentration in petroleum products.
Confocal laser scanning microscopy is used in many different fields of research nowadays. Therefore, high spatial resolution is required as well as high temporal resolution. Further, the quality of the resulting images has to be considered. Doing imaging with laser scanning microscopes, the balance between spatial resolution, speed and signal-to-noise ratio has to be defined for every specimen and experiment individually. Special adaptations to standard laser scanning microscopes improve the efficiency of the Leica TCS SP2 and Leica TCS SP2 RS for high-resolution low-noise imaging. Here, we want to report from the acousto-optical beam splitter, the resonant K-scanner and new objectives.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.