Selective laser melting additive manufacturing has been employed previously to fabricate lightweight metal mirrors that can be used in aerospace, astronomy, and other fields. However, additively manufactured mirrors have poor surface roughness, which limits their use in practical applications. In this study, additively manufactured mirrors were fabricated with high surface densities for their application in different wavelength bands. Two methods were proposed to fabricate opto-mechanical components, of which one approach involved the fabrication of mirrors that could be used with longer wavelengths. After hot isostatic pressing, the porosity (which is an intrinsic characteristic of 3D printing) and roughness of the mirror substrate were 0.005% and < 8 nm, respectively. To further improve their surface quality, the mirrors were coated with pure Al, which facilitated the matching of the thermal expansion coefficients of the layer and the AlSi10Mg mirror substrate; these mirrors could be used with shorter wavelengths. The roughness of the mirror became < 2 nm when it was coated with pure Al and subjected to optical processing. This approach can be applied to fields that require low-temperature detection techniques, such as aerial measurement and remote sensing, low-temperature light tubes, and near-space detection systems.
Vibration greatly impairs the imaging quality of airborne synthetic aperture ladar (SAL), so the vibration phase error must be estimated and compensated before imaging. Limited by the laser’s average power, the high pulse repetition frequency of the SAL will result in lower peak-power of the laser, thereby reducing the echo signal’s single-pulse signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In the case of a low SNR, the coherence between channels worsens, and the vibration phase-error compensation method based on interferometry is difficult to apply. We analyze the imaging SNR and resolution of the echo signal when the airborne SAL observes noncooperative targets by intentionally broadening the transmitting and receiving beams, discussing the imaging processing flow of the low SNR signal under conditions of beam-broaden and platform vibration. The data processing flow includes the phase correction of the echo signal using the transmitting reference channel signal. Based on the flight parameters of the airborne SAL, the echo was dechirped and narrow-band filtered to reduce noise. After subaperture division, the spatial correlation algorithm was used to estimate and compensate the vibration phase error, and the range-Doppler algorithm was used to achieve strip imaging. At the same time, the phase gradient autofocus algorithm was introduced to improve the focusing effect. The processing results of flight experiment data of the airborne SAL corresponding to noncooperative targets at 1 km demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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