Recently, we discovered, for the first time, reverse saturable scattering in a single gold nanoparticle. When incident intensity increases, the scattering intensity dependence of 80-nm gold nanoparticles evolves from linear, to saturation, and to reverse saturation sequentially. The intensity dependence in reverse saturable scattering region is significantly steeper than that in the linear region. With the aid of a confocal microscope, the full width half maximum of the single-particle point spread function can be reduced down to 80 nm, which is beyond the diffraction limit. Our finding shows great potential for superresolution imaging application without bleaching.
The wavelength and size dependencies of nonlinear scattering by a single gold nanosphere immersed in oil are presented. We show that the wavelength dependency fits well with the scattering spectrum by Mie solution, reflecting that the nonlinear scattering is dominated by the field enhancement from plasmonic effects. The tendency for different sizes is consistent with the results of degenerate four-wave mixing in the literature, showing that the saturation behavior is governed by the Kerr nonlinearity resonantly enhanced via intraband transition. Thus we conclude that the saturable scattering in our case is attributed to intraband χ(3), with nonlinear behavior enhanced by LSPR.
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