Trapping a diamond particle at high vacuum is a challenge due to impurities that absorb photons and cause heating. The heating is evitable due to the necessity of laser usage for initialization and readout of the Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers. Here, we demonstrate a method to launch, select, and trap a diamond at high vacuum using a surface Paul trap without too much heating. By carefully adjusting the probe laser power, the internal temperature is even lower than 350 K in high vacuum. In addition, we electrically drive the nanodiamond to rotate at a high angular velocity (up to 20 MHz). Microwave is applied for driving the electronic states of the NV center through a homemade bias-tee. We manage to trap a diamond and measure an Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR) at a pressure of 10^-6 Torr which is limited by the setup. Our work is helpful for studying the spin-mechanical coupling and may provide an opportunity for the realization of quantum superposition at macroscopic scales.
A levitated non-spherical nanoparticle in a vacuum is ideal for studying quantum rotations and is an extremely sensitive torque and force detector. Here, we report optical levitation of a GHz rotating silica nanodumbbell in a vacuum at about 430 nm away from a sapphire surface. The rotating nanodumbbell near the surface demonstrate a torque sensitivity of (5.0 ± 1.1) × 10^(-26) NmHz^(−1/2) at room temperature. Moreover, we levitate a nanodumbbell near a gold nanograting and use it to probe the near-field intensity distribution beyond the optical diffraction limit. The system is promising to detect the Casimir torque.
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