Seamless data for coastal mapping and management is an essential element of coastal spatial data, especially when data
sources have different accuracy, age and quality. Many applications of geospatial data in coastal zone require the
knowledge of the near-shore topography and bathymetry. The coastal mappers are looking for the methods to merge both
topographic and bathymetric data, but the current mismatch in vertical surfaces causes difficulties. In order to obtain
accurate geospatial information for coastal geospatial data infrastructure construction, a more stable reference datum
should be established. This study introduces a seamless geocentric Vertical Datum, and then an ellipsoidal datum is
adopted as vertical reference surface. The reference ellipsoid that is most related to GPS is WGS84 and it is used in this
paper as the stable reference surface. In coastal application area, WGS-84 datum will be selected to manage data
seamlessly. This reference ellipsoidal is chosen as the fundamental vertical reference surface and transformation surface.
The geospatial data cannot be integrated without datum conversion. This paper presents a strategy to seamlessly integrate
geospatial data in coastal areas.
KEYWORDS: Remote sensing, Geographic information systems, Mathematics, Geodesy, 3D image processing, 3D displays, Projection systems, 3D modeling, Image processing, Computing systems
Coastal zone geographic information is coastal zone spatial data including remote sensing images, digitized maps or
charts and various surveying and statistical data. With the development of Digital Earth, coastal zone geographic
information is changing from plane, static and isolated to three dimensional, dynamic and associated. However, there is
no comprehensive, compositive and dynamic study on processing of coastal zone spatial data. Mathematics base is the
basic study on multi-expressing of coastal zone geographic information, which includes coordinates system and
projection system. The influence of geodesy surveying datum system is expressed through the plane coordinates system
and vertical datum system. According to digital maps, remote sensing images and three dimensions terrain sight, there
are three typical projections: static map projection, dynamic space projection and three dimensions perspective
projection. The mathematics base can be unified to ellipsoidal geographic coordinates. Coastal zone geographic
information multi-expressing system (CZIMS) is explored in VC++ programming language, and the integrated structure
of CZIMS is discussed. The key technologies including coastal zone vector map display, remote sensing images
processing and three dimensional terrain building are studied. The system is developed to provide real-time, dynamic
information and multianalysis for coastal zone monitoring and management.
Hydrography and cartography is an important part of Geoinformatics, and it is the basic technology of ocean resource
exploitation and utilization. In this paper some new techniques development situation of hydrography and cartography in
China is introduced. The unification of marine and land datum, precision rectification of the marine remote sensing
images, satellite altimetry and remote depth, the ocean delimitation, virtual reality and pattern recognition etc. are
discussed as principal research contents. The situation and multi-expressing of marine surveying information processing
are expounded at last.
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