The development of the electronic industry, with the further miniaturization of electronic components and the use of new materials puts forward increasingly stringent requirements for the quality, reliability and competitiveness of products. All this, in turn, dictates the creation of new technologies and technological processes. The microprocessing laser technologies at R&D production facility "Istok" named after Shokin " for the period 2003-2018, a series of modern automated laser technological installations of the "Caravel" type was created on the basis of industrial lasers and laser systems based on copper vapors and precision three-coordinate tables. This equipment with the diameter of the processing light spot of 10–20 μm and the peak power density of 109-1011 W/cm2 allows for efficient and high quality processing of foil (0.01-0.2 mm) and thin-sheet (0.2-1 mm) metal and the large range of non-metallic materials of microwave products.
It is well known that the processes of vertical propagation and dissipation of acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs) play an important role in the realization of connections between the dynamic processes in different layers of the atmosphere. This work presents the results of lidar probing of tropospheric aerosols, performed in Kaliningrad, Russia (54°N, 20 °E). The observations used a two-wave atmospheric lidar (with wavelengths of 532 and 1064 nm), which allows investigation of properties of troposphere up to the altitudes of 10-12 km. During the observations, the intensity of the lidar signal scattered in the troposphere was determined. Measurements that were carried out in the period of 2011–2018 that made it possible to determine the features of the vertical structure and the dynamics of aerosol particles. Analysis of the results of the observations revealed an increase of the wave activity in the troposphere during the periods of passage of the solar terminator in the range from 2 to 20 minutes.
S. Arakelyan, A. Asratyan, V. Evstigneev, M. Kazaryan, M. Gerke, A. Galkin, S. Zhirnova, A. Osipov, G. Evstyunin, E. Shamanskaya, R. Zakharyan, A. Averyushkin, O. Andrienko, P. Ivashkin
Presents the operation of a system for monitoring the process of laser processing of the surface of materials in real time, with a resolution of the order of several tens of nanoseconds, with a micron-scale spatial resolution designed to visualize laser-induced dynamic processes directly during laser processing of the surface of an object. The basic physical principles of its operation and the problems existing at the same time, as well as the prospects for overcoming them in various conditions of specific processes of laser thermal strengthening, including using computer simulation to search for optimal optical circuits and modes. The dynamic characteristics of the laser monitoring system are given.
Photochemical properties of carbohydrates, including mono- and polysaccharides, as well as various kinds of glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycolipids, take great attention last decades due to their significance for clarifying physical and chemical processes happening in biological molecules under irradiation. Understanding of excitation and ionization processes is important for interpretation of mass spectrometric (MS) experiments, which is the main instrument for quick and reliable analysis of biological samples. While polynucleotides and simple proteins can be easily studied by standard MS techniques (MALDI, ESI, and CID), carbohydrates and complicated biomolecules containing oligosaccharide residues are difficult to be ionized. Carbohydrates give a low signal yield. Their detection and analysis requires the special equipment and technology. Therefore, the development of new efficient methods for identification of carbohydrates in biological samples currently is the critical scientific and technical problem. In this work we study dissociation processes taking place in potassiated α- and β-glucose, which can be concerned as the modelling molecule for investigation of wide range of carbohydrates and carbohydrate fragments of biomolecules containing potassium ion as the ionization source. Here we compare deionization process with H2O and KOH elimination channels, as far as their competition with cross-ring dissociation processes. Potential energy surface were optimized by the density functional B3LYP/6-31G* method. Single point energy calculations in minima and transition state points were performed by G3(MP2,CCSD) ab initio method.
In the present paper we present the results of a comparative analysis of pulsed copper vapour lasers with visible emission wavelengths of 510.6 and 578.2 nm and pulse duration of 10-30 ns and known types of technological lasers as well as the prospects for using the copper vapor laser for microprocessing of materials.
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