We discuss the specific features of the spatiotemporal variations in aerosol characteristics in the Arctic atmosphere on the routes of 89th and 90th cruises of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh (September – November 2022). We present the average (over the period of expeditions) values of the studied characteristics: the aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere, the aerosol and black carbon concentrations, as well as the chemical composition of aerosol samples, i.e., the concentrations of the main elements, the concentrations of organic and elemental carbon, and the isotopic composition of carbon. Based on multiyear (2013-2022) data from expedition measurements, we present the results from a statistical generalization of aerosol characteristics for the atmosphere of the Kara Sea and southern part of the Barents Sea.
In this work, we present the measurements of the concentration of elemental composition of aerosol in the North Atlantic and at the polar station “Cape Baranov” (Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago). Based on the measurements of the elemental composition, performed in summer season (June-August) of 2019-2021, we can make a conclusion about the sources of aerosol production in the European and Asian parts of the Arctic region in this period of time. Aerosol in the atmosphere of the northern part of the Barents Sea is mainly formed due to mixed (anthropogenic and natural marine) sources; while the atmosphere of the Asian part of the Arctic basin is dominated by aerosol formed by continental sources.
The results of measurements of the organic and elemental carbon concentration, the carbon isotope composition in atmospheric aerosol samples collected during the marine expeditions – the 83rd and 84th cruises of the RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh are presented in this paper. The measurements were carried out from June to August 2021 mainly in the waters of the Kara Sea (83rd cruise) and Barents Sea (84th cruise). It is shown that the aerosol in the northern part of the Barents Sea is formed due to anthropogenic and natural sources, while the background aerosol prevails over the Kara Sea.
The results of experimental studies are presented on the variability of mass concentration of organic and element carbon, of carbon isotope composition, and of elemental content in aerosol composition at the polar station “Cape Baranov” (the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago) in 2018. Statistical and comparative analysis of expeditionary data, together with the backward air mass trajectories analysis, makes it possible to estimate the degree of Arctic aerosol pollution, and the role of natural and anthropogenic sources in the formation of high latitude aerosol substances.
The results of multiyear aerosol studies during ten marine expeditions in the North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean are used to analyze the interrelations in variations of related aerosol characteristics: volumes of particles in fine and coarse fractions, mass concentrations of black carbon, contents of organic and elemental carbons in aerosol samples, and aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere. The main factors, influencing the correlations between aerosol characteristics in high-latitude regions of ocean, are discussed.
In the IOA SB RAS, a large aerosol chamber was used to perform 20 experiments on the burning of forest fuel materials (pine wood, coniferous litter) of two types in smoldering/flame combustion modes of different ratios. The chemical composition (PM, OC, EC) of fresh smokes (2 hours after substrate ignition) and of aged aerosol (on the 1st and 2nd days) was determined in dark conditions. The variability of the main characteristics of smoke aerosol during its aging was analyzed with different contributions of smoldering and flame combustion modes.
The work reports the results of the measurements of particulate matter (PM), organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon mass concentrations, and carbon isotope composition (δ13С) in atmospheric aerosol sampled along the route of the research vessel “Academician Mstislav Keldysh” (71 voyage). The measurements were carried out over the Baltic Sea – the North Sea – the North Atlantic – the Norwegian Sea – the Barents Sea from June to August 2018. The increased OC, EC concentrations and the high δ13С value in the samples collected off the coast of Greenland are shown to be not due to marine origin, but due to the transfer of atmospheric aerosol formed in Canada during biomass burning (forest fires).
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